Exclusionary Rule Pros and Cons - 1951 Words

The reason we have rules in life are simple, to keep order when there is chaos and to guide our behavior in a way that is acceptable by society’s standards. The reason we have laws and procedures to carry out those laws are simple as well, to keep the government from infringing on its citizen’s constitutional rights. If the government was to rid itself of the exclusionary rule, then it has the potential to be infringing on its citizens rights. The government could essentially walk into anyone who is suspected of a crime’s house and seize whatever they feel is evidence. The exclusionary rule is an important constitutional right within U.S. legal system, but just as it is with most of the legal systems the exclusionary rule is not without†¦show more content†¦123). There are equal numbers of supporters of the exclusionary rule as there are opponents of it. The proponents of have many reason to support the exclusionary rule as well as the opponents. Below I will discuss both sides’ arguments for and against the exclusionary rule. I will start with the opponents of the exclusionary rule. Opponents argue that the exclusionary rule has strayed from its original purpose, and that it no longer does what it was originally intended to. â€Å"The purpose of the exclusionary rule is not to redress the injury to the privacy of the search victim . . . . Instead, the rules prime purpose is to deter future unlawful police conduct and thereby effectuate the guarantee of the Fourth Amendment against unreasonable searches and seizures† (Estreicher Weick, 2010, p. 4). They are saying is that the need for the rule is to deter illegal techniques that police use to obtain evidence, not to simply give more rights to the defendant. As Estreicher and Weick pointed out, â€Å"all of the cases since Wolf requiring the exclusion of illegal evidence have been base on the necessity for an effective deterrent to illegal police action† (Es treicher Weick, 2010, p. 4). So instead of looking at the exclusionary rule as the end-all-right that citizens areShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of The Exclusionary Rule1017 Words   |  5 Pagesthe one that we will be discussing in this paper is the exclusionary rule. It is the introduction of a good evidence, that it is obtained by a bad law enforcement, is most common in the United State than other countries legal system. To put it in other words, the exclusionary rule is controversial. Therefore, many experts say that it sets criminals free on minor points. In this paper, I will speak about the pros and cons of the exclusionary rule, how it is effecting the criminal justice system of theRead MorePros and Cons of the Exclusionary Rule1538 Words   |  7 PagesARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT OF THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE Among the arguments in support of the exclusionary rule4 by its proponents are the following: 1. It deters violations of constitutional rights by police and prosecutors. A number of studies and testimonies by police officers support this contention. 2. It manifests society’s refusal to convict lawbreakers by relying on official lawlessness—a clear demonstration of our commitment to the rule of law that states that no person, not even a law enforcementRead MoreThe Evolution of the Exclusionary Rule1733 Words   |  7 Pages The Evolution of the Exclusionary Rule A Historical Analysis And How It Stand Today April Herald Criminal Justice Abstract From historical analysis, this work highlights key cases that have influenced the evolution of the Exclusionary rule and where it stands today. The purpose of this paper is to inform people of the importance of our constitutional rights, especially the fourth amendment when concerning a criminal prosecution. The exclusionary rule is set in place to ensure justiceRead MorePacker s Model Of The Criminal Process3125 Words   |  13 Pagesenforcement agencies possess should be limited to prevent official oppression of the individual. The constitutional rights of the defendant being tried aren t just measly technicalities and the criminal justice authorities should be held accountable to rules, procedures, and guidelines to ensure equality and regularity in the justice process. The criminal justice process should act as its own checks and balances system, which would consist of a series of impediments that act as procedural safeguards whichRead MoreMinimum Tolerance Policies : Zero Tol erance, Zero Education1879 Words   |  8 Pagesbecause the quote says that there is a direct correlation of students suspended are often funneled into the criminal system. Some pros of zero tolerance policies are that suspending and expelling bad children is that because bad children break rules it doesn’t matter what rule was broken or why just that there â€Å"should [be] some type of consequence† (Morin, The Pros and Cons of Zero Tolerance Policies). Which that would be relevant and would work if the things students did were extremely bad like bringingRead MoreSearch and Seizure Essay2432 Words   |  10 Pagesa crime has been or is being committed with probable cause a warrantless search may be conducted. Another important part to the fourth amendment is the exclusionary rule. This rule makes it clear that any evidence seized during an illegal search or violation of the fourth amendment not admissible during a criminal trial. The main goal of this rule was to deter police officers from violating suspects constitutional rights. The forth amendment grew from the experience of the colonials dealingRead MoreUse and Application of the Zero Tolerance Policy in American Schools1773 Words   |  8 Pagesto mandate the application of pre-determined consequences of violation of stated rules. These rules may pertain to a number of issues; drugs, bullying, theft, and corporal punishment. This report will review and explore the various uses of the zero tolerance plan and its applications throughout schools in American society. There will be a study on the effectiveness of zero tolerance, an outline of the pros and cons of its usage, an evaluation of a case scenario as it pertains to the utilizationRead MoreDiversity Management1945 Words   |  8 Pagesothers to bring up those subjects, even in the form of complaints. The more open and authentic the dialogues that take place, the easier it becomes to promote change. Search for behaviors of exclusion. Whether exhibited by yourself or others, many exclusionary behaviors are unintentional—or even wellintentioned, such as assuming a working mother would refuse a weekend travel assignment. Constantly seek out and eliminate such behaviors. Create an environment of advantages. Small, unintentional inequalitiesRead MoreDiversity Management1955 Words   |  8 Pagesothers to bring up those subjects, even in the form of complaints. The more open and authentic the dialogues that take place, the easier it becomes to promote change. Search for behaviors of exclusion. Whether exhibited by yourself or others, many exclusionary behaviors are unintentional—or even wellintentioned, such as assuming a working mother would refuse a weekend travel assignment. Constantly seek out and eliminate such behaviors. Create an environment of advantages. Small, unintentional inequalitiesRead MoreStudy Guide5838 Words   |  24 Pagesthe Declaration of Independence and the Constitution? John Locke The writings of John Locke, a British philosopher of the Enlightenment period, had a profound influence on the Founding Fathers. What was the colonists’ primary complaint about the rule of the British Crown? The American colonists’ primary complaint was that they were subject to heavy taxes from the British Crown. Which of the following was a component of the Coercive Acts? Establishment of martial law, the requirement for the

The National Eating Disorders Association - 1186 Words

Eating disorders are very much a real, life-threatening illness. According to the National Eating Disorders Association, there is a common misconception that these types of illnesses are just phases and that they don’t take a significant toll on the person’s emotional and physical health. Their research also shows that 20 million women and 10 million men in the US will have a significant eating disorder at some point in their lifetime. Those are just the cases that get reported. You may be wondering what you can do to help? In our own investigation we were unsuccessful in being allowed to enter a facility due to HIPPA rights of the patients. NEDA’s website has a list of organizations that you can work for, volunteer for, or even internships. You can volunteer for the help line, special events, online forum moderator, legislative policy, etc. If time is an issue the National Eating Disorders Association’s website has a way you can still help by donating to the cause. The majority of their funding goes towards educational and supportive services. NEDA has a new organization aimed at teens and young adults called Proud2Bme. There is now support services on campuses nationwide to promote self esteem and educate students on healthy eating habits. The NEDA also has fundraising walks for local communities to get involved. One of the top sustaining sponsors for this walk is the Eating Disorder Center of Denver. (CALROLINE THIS IS WHERE YOU WOULD ADD IN THE INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FROMShow MoreRelatedThe National Eating Disorders Association says that the average women is 63,6kg and the average3000 Words   |  12 PagesThe National Eating Disorders Association says that the average women is 63,6kg and the average model is 53kg. Magazines and social media display what they think is the perfect weight, height, hair colour, etc. and so many people are unsatisfied with themselves when they compare their appearance with that of society’s. This often leads unsatisfied people to developing an eating disorder. Having an eating disorder is a serious medical problem. They most frequently develop during adolescence, butRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1205 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders in Today’s World Eating disorders are alive and well in today’s world and they are a major problem. An eating disorder can look like a few different things, ranging from a severe reduction of food intake to over eating to feelings of negativity towards your body shape or weight (Lehigh University). While some disorders can only be found in specific age groups, races, etc., eating disorders can be found amongst all and it does not necessarily have to be pointed towards food (LehighRead MoreHow Eating Disorders Affect Health772 Words   |  3 PagesEating Disorders are conditions in which involves irregular eating habits, either insufficient or excessive food, that affects inimical the body’s image and mental health (Wikipedia). It affects men and women of all ages, but it has a greater impact among adolescences and young adults. In the United States, 24 million Americans are battling eating disorders, in which 1 million are males and 23 million are females. An individual who portrai ts this condition may have an irrational self-image thoughtRead MoreEating Disorders : Social, Genetics, And Psychological1702 Words   |  7 Pagesof eating disorders. There are three main reasons for developing an eating disorder: social, genetics, and psychological. The society we live in brings many people to the belief that in order to obtain the perfect body we must put our own bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of ourselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder†(National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders.Eating)Read MoreBinge Eating Disorder ( Bed )1453 Words   |  6 PagesBinge Eating Disorder Binge eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric condition characterized by the consumption of large quantities of food in a specific amount of time, and feeling out of control while eating. BED also involves feelings of guilt and shame after binging but is not accompanied by compensatory behaviors, such as purging or vomiting. Binge eating is described by â€Å"eating at a fast pace, eating until feeling uncomfortably full, eating when not feeling hungry, eating alone to hide the amountRead MoreJocelyn Bennett. Mrs. Gallos. English 3 Honors. 6, April1741 Words   |  7 Pagesvictims of eating disorders. There are three main reasons for developing an eating disorder: social, genetics, and psychological. The society today brings many people to the belief that to obtain the perfect body they must put their bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of themselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder† (National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders Eating). EatingRead MoreEating Disorder Outline951 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral purpose: To inform my classmate. Specific purpose: I will inform my classmate about one of the social justice topic which is eating disorder. Central Idea: informative speech about the three type of eating disorder which are Anorexia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa. Then my second point will focus on the causes of eating disorder, after that in my last main point I will discuss its effects on our life. I. Introduction A. Tie to audience Food too much of it, weRead MoreEssay about Anorexia1456 Words   |  6 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, there are over 24 Million people that suffer from eating disorders.   What is an eating disorder though?   The simple definition of this disease is that a person exhibits abnormal eating behaviors.   There are many different variations to these disorders but they share many of the same characteristics such as: fear of becoming obese, obsession with thinness, food, weight, and even calorie counting.   OfRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa Is The Highest Mortality Rate Of All Mental Illnesses909 Words   |  4 Pagesstyle that people choose to have. Eating disorders are a serious illness. Anorexia has the highest mortality rate of all mental illnesses. Four out of ten people in the national survey reported that they either suffered or knew someone who had suffered from an eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder where the person does not eat or maintain a normal body weight, in order to have a skinny body (DSM-V). Most women are affected with this disorder, and most case can be treated. TreatmentsRead MoreAnorexia Nervos Symptoms, And Treatment Of Anorexia1076 Words   |  5 Pagesof Bulimia Nervosa. Bulimia is a disorder in which a person consumes a large quantity of food and decides to purge after consumption. As a person continues to purge on a consistent basis, the acid in their stomach damages the lining of the esophagus and damages the enamel in the teeth. The article also examines the causes to bulimia and the types of people that are more susceptible to developing this disease. Finally, a treatment plan is provided for this disorder and various medications that may

Roman Empire vs. Han Empire free essay sample

Han vs. Rome The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire were both very prosperous during the time period of 200 B. C. E. -400 C. E. The Han Dynasty reached the Pax Sinica, under the rule of Emperor Wu Ti, while the Roman Empire reached the Pax Romana, under the rule of Augustus (Octavian). Their development was steady and with the right leader, both civilizations were able to reach a Golden Age. Rome and China progressed in different areas but they both benefited and were successful nonetheless. One political similarity between the civilizations was that both had a central overnment. Many things would have been more difficult, Rome would not have been able to enforce their laws and Emperor Wu would not have been able to strengthen the Great Wall of China. A political difference was that the Roman Empire was able to trade easily since it was near a body of water. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Empire vs. Han Empire or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Romans had access to North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. However, the Chinese were only able to spread inland and it took them a lot more effort to trade. A social similarity between the Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire was that they both had a common currency. Since both civilizations have a central government; this was a smart move, it would keep the region more united. A major social difference was that the Han Dynasty accepted and believed in Confucianism while the Roman Empire followed Christianity. This difference in religion was caused simply by the choice of the region. A similarity in the economy of Rome and China include the fact that, both countries taxed their citizens heavily. This occurred because both civilizations occupied a large area and taking care of everything was expensive, so taxes were high. This eventually led to the decline and the end of both empires. An economic difference is that the Han Dynasty had many resources while the Roman Empire only had metals. This gave a great boost the Han economy since it did not have to rely on other countries and had everything they needed. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire have both shaped current day societies; such as laws and roads from Rome, civil service and common currencies from China. Present day is unimaginable without these things, things that we wouldnt have if it were not for the Chinese and the Romans.

The walking dead TV show Essay Example

The walking dead TV show Paper However, her character’s strength is effectively compromised by her childish and immature behavior when interacting with Glenn. She consistently toys with his emotions, and shifts from warm to hostile in the blink of an eye. Maggie wants Glenn when he is emotionally unavailable, yet scorns his efforts when he tries to develop a relationship with her. From ruining Glenn’s clothing to making rude jokes at his expense, Maggie is downright cruel to Glenn at times. Her hot-and-cold attitude towards Glenn enforces the stereotype of women as being selfish and immature in relationships. We will write a custom essay sample on The walking dead TV show specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The walking dead TV show specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The walking dead TV show specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Not surprisingly, the writers of â€Å"The Walking Dead† made sure to portray women as particularly immature when interacting with other women. They depict Lori as a generally unpleasant woman who doesn’t hesitate to lash out at other females on a consistent basis. Lori also becomes Andrea’s main critic, claiming that Andrea’s is not contributing to the group. Lori and Maggie also do not get along. Following a trip to the drug store in which Glenn and Maggie almost died, Maggie lashes out at Lori and claims that her selfish actions are jeopardizing other peoples’ lives. In stark contrast to the mature, reliable men who populate the series, the women in â€Å"The Walking Dead† are consistently shown as immature and selfish. The Stereotypical Unable-to-Deal-with-Grief Female The final negative stereotype given the women in â€Å"The Walking Dead† is the inability to effectively cope with pressure or grief. This weakness was particularly acute when women face the death or injury of a loved one. For example, when Amy dies, Andrea demonstrates no ability to cope with her sister’s death, choosing instead to be withdrawn and emotionally distant from the group. Similarly, when Carl, Lori’s son, becomes serious injured, Lori openly concludes that he would be better off dead. However, the writers save their most offensive depictions for Carol Peletier. Carol Peletier is one of the rare characters in â€Å"The Walking Dead† who actually benefits from the zombie apocalypse. Before the apocalypse, and for a short time thereafter, Carol was a passive victim of domestic abuse at the hands of her husband, Ed. To the writers’ credit, Ed is portrayed as a fundamentally despicable human being. In almost every scene in which he is featured, Ed is either beating Carol or emotionally abusing her. It is also hinted to that Sophia, Carol and Ed’s daughter, is a victim of Ed’s abusive nature. Fortunately for Carol and Sophia, Ed does not survive very long and perishes in a zombie attack. Once Carol is emancipated from Ed, the writers understandably depict her as passive, skittish, and generally inactive within the group. One thing that she is passionate about, however, is her daughter, Sophia. Unfortunately, toward the beginning of Season 2, Sophia is lost in the woods after being chased by a rogue zombie. Carol initially blames herself for Sophie’s disappearance, but she soon turns her anger on Rick. However, the writers make sure the viewers see Rick as a victim of Carol’s irrationality. Although Rick did nothing wrong (he directed Sophia to hide in a small crevice and not move until help came while he courageously drew the zombie away), Carol inexplicably blames him nevertheless. Once Sophia disappears, the writers portray Carol as completely shattered and unable to cope with this loss. Carol essentially shuts down, spending all of her time crying in the group’s RV and avoiding interaction with any of the group members. Even though the group maintains optimism that they will find Sophia, Carol remains depressed. Eventually, the writers allow Carol to slowly adjust to the loss of Sophia. However, they make sure Carol’s progress is limited. Indeed, apart from crying, the only tasks Carol can do are cleaning the RV and cooking a dinner for the group. Apart from these two events, Carol is entirely useless as the writers apparently believe women would be in a worldwide tragedy. As a final blow to women, once Carol discovers that Sophia has been turned into a zombie, and after Carol witnesses her daughter’s death, the writers make sure Carol becomes dependent on a man (Daryl), since they apparently believe that women have no ability to deal with loss. The writers show Carol making virtually no attempt at contributing to the group outside of doing domestic tasks. In sum, the writers make sure Carol becomes nothing more than the stereotypical unable-to-deal-with-grief female. Final Thoughts Although â€Å"The Walking Dead† is an entertaining and riveting drama, it suffers from a quite obvious case of sexism. The main female characters are written to be weak, hysterical, immature, and unstable, especially in crisis. This negative portrayal of women in â€Å"The Walking Dead† is unfortunate because the series had the potential of changing the historically negative depiction of women in media. It has long been argued that crises bring out the best and worst in us, accenting our strengths while at the same time exploiting our weaknesses. â€Å"The Walking Dead† is, by definition, the embodiment of crisis, as mankind is facing extinction. However, instead of using this ultimate crisis to recast women, the writers of â€Å"The Walking Dead† embraced historical stereotypes, in two general, consistent ways. First, the women in â€Å"The Walking Dead† are shown to be extremely emotional. This tendency to fall apart at the drop of the pin serves as the main reason that the men generally tend to leave the women out of decision-making and other stressful situations. The men go so far as to justify their actions by claiming that â€Å"the women do not want to be involved anyway. † And their reaction isn’t entirely unjustifiable. Almost all of the main females aren’t capable of handling stress; Lori is portrayed to be very difficult to get along and too headstrong, Carol is too emotionally damaged following Sophia’s situation, Andrea is not knowledgeable enough and emotionally stable, and Maggie is not mature enough. Additionally, all of the women are shown â€Å"giving up† and quitting at one point or another over the course of the series. Even Maggie, who is made out to be one of the strongest most capable women, suffers a breakdown during the final zombie battle and survives only with Glenn’s assistance. Shane, Rick, and Daryl suffer similar character trials, but none of them every throw up their hands and give up completely. This seems to be a reaction reserved for female roles. Overall, these generalizations are in line with many assumptions that males hold about women, and further the perception that although women may occasionally show signs of strength, they are not consistently stable enough to weather long periods of conflict and stress. Second, â€Å"The Walking Dead† asserts that the main obstacle facing women today are females themselves. The women in the series have a very difficult time interacting and getting along with each other. Andrea faces constant disapproval from Lori on her attempts to better herself, and most of the female camp members seem to shun Maggie, viewing and treating her as an outsider. To me, this is a sneaky, yet very damaging way of undermining female power. Asserting that women are the ones who are limiting themselves, men absolve themselves of any responsibility. The majority of anti-feminist events in â€Å"The Walking Dead† occur without the influence of men and the blame is instead placed on the shoulders of the females. Notwithstanding the disappointment I’ve felt in seeing how the writers of â€Å"The Walking Dead† have chosen to portray women, I remain somewhat hopeful that they will reverse course. The very last scenes of Season 2 revealed a hooded character wielding a katana and leading two armless zombies. Although this is not revealed explicitly to the audience, this character is Michonne, a female warrior who is quite popular within the comic book series [9]. I am hopeful that in introducing Michonne, the writers will use her as a catalyst for a more reasonable and positive portrayal of women in the series. Figure 1: Michonne (Danai Gurira) Bibliography Goldberg, Lesley. The Walking Dead Season 2 Premiere Shatters Basic Cable Ratings Records. The Hollywood Reporter. N. p. , 10/17/2011. Web. 29 Jun 2012. The Walking Dead: Season 1. Metacritic. CBS, 12/07/10. Web. 29 June 2012. http://www. metacritic. com/tv/the-walking-dead. The Walking Dead: Season 2. Metacritic. CBS, 10/04/11. Web. 29 June 2012. http://www. metacritic. com/tv/the-walking-dead/season-2. Nunn, Gary. â€Å"The Feminisation of Madness is Crazy. † The Guardian. N. p. , 3/8/12. Web. 17 Aug 2012 Relher, Andrea. 2011 Golden Globes nominations. Zap2it. Tribune Media Service, 12/14/10. Web. 29 Jun 2012. AMC Garners Six WGA Award Nominations . The Futon Critic. N. p. , 12/08/10. Web. 29 Jun 2012. Don, Katherine. Bringing Up Baby: Pregnancy (and Zombies) Are Scary on The Walking Dead. bitchmedia. N. p. , 11/23/11. Web. 29 Jun 2012. Ocasio, Anthony. ‘The Walking Dead’ Producer Responds To ‘Annoying Lori’ Critics. ScreenRant. N. p. , 3/12/12. Web. 29 Jun 2012. The 10 Worst Moms on TV. Yahoo. com. Yahoo, 5/11/12. Web. 29 Jun 2012. Ross, Dalton. The Walking Dead: Exclusive first look at Danai Gurira as fan favorite Michonne. Entertainment Weekly. N. p. , 5/23/12. Web. 29 Jun 2012.

buy custom Working Does Effect College Students essay

buy custom Working Does Effect College Students essay The likely hood of students working while in school has been rising as the cost of education rises. Generally, students performance has been affected negatively. The most affected are the freshmen and women in the campus followed by the juniors whose adverse result is small. The upper class men only feel the outcome when they work for longer hours.( Wooldridge,127). American higher education system is quit ambiguous because, a majority of campus students who are supposed to be going through the system work in different places. Most of the students do prefer to be at work places rather than stay in campus. Students will work irrespective of their family backgrounds, the institutions they are in, age, family responsibilities, and even family expenses. Thus, working while in college is now more of a culture. Policy makers need to know who works, why he or she works and implications on the institution so that they can draft policies that are quit beneficial to the students and the institution. ( Jacqueline,36) According to a survey conducted in 2003 to 2004; regardless of the students gender, colour, ethnicity, marital status, age, type of institution attended and dependency, a minimum of 70 to 80% of students enrolled were working. Share of students who work range from 68% to 82% among the Asian American students although the expectations is that students who work should vary significantly according to age, income and dependency, this is not the case. (Kendall,103). Students who work in profit making institutions and local colleges are older thus they tend to work full time and attend part time classes. Surprisingly students who work part time are more likely to work one to 20 hours per week and at the same time schooling unlike those students who work full time basis. A record 23 percent of students who work part time are still capable of managing to work for 35 hours or more per week. A workloadof 35 hours per week is strenuous for someone who is independent and at the same time trying to provide for a family. This is a big challenge since the students will automatically perform poorly in schoolwork. Independent students with an income of $25000 work for 35 hours or more while dependent students with an income of $60000 from their parents work for a maximum of 20 hours. (Ravitch,48). Work affects students in many ways. The effects can be positive or negative. Positively, work helps students to familiarize themselves with their future employees, who in most cases will be their employers. Students who work claim that; working helps them in their career development and coursework preparation. Nevertheless, according to a research conducted between 2003 and 2004, students gave mixed reactions. Majority of students who work do not think that work limits their class schedules, choice, and number of classes taken, access to facilities and preparation of coursework. However, 48 percent of students agree that work limits their class work while 40 percent say that it affects their choice and number of classes and 31 percent say it affects their access to facilities. All this limitations increases proportionally, as the number of students who work increases. The most affected students are those working off campus unlike those working within campus. One third of the students who work say that it helps them in career development and coursework preparation. Students who work for non-profit making organizations, military, and the government are the ones who claim the benefits in career development. Students who work for profit making organizations do not benefit much from their jobs since it does not help them with their coursework. However, not more than one student working, find their jobs to be helpful with their career. (Weiner, 222). Another effect that work has on students is that students who are old and study part ttime have higher GPAs compared to students who do not go to work or either study on a part time basis. This is so because students, who study on a full time basis, always have a lot of time at their disposal. Thus, they misuse that valuable time by doing other activities that are no part of academics. Students who work full time and study part time are independent. Therefore, they know that everything is upon them hence maximize every minute they have to develop their career further for they know that their career is what they will have forever. Students who only work more and more hours lack consistency in terms of graduations. The more the hours they work the more they perform poorly.GPA declines as the number of working hours increases. Beyond GPA, the most important indicator of academic success is persistence and graduation. (Ravitch,26) In conclusion, many students work and do a lot of work. This is unhealthy to them physically, psychologically and academically. The kind of work that the students hold on mostly are not part of the academic programs and in most instances many of them just work for the sake of sustaining their livelihoods. Since the kind of work one is in does not correspond with an individuals career, it results in total failure academically (Kendall,207). Therefore, the best thing is for the government to offer academic grants to those who must work in order to be in school. This eventually reduces the no of students who must work in order to be in college. Also with the government aid on education grant, the state can count on the students to perform better on their career jobs. At the end, the state benefits as its citizens get well equipped on their areas of interest. Finally, long working hours is not conducive to students. It results in mind straining and regular headaches. Therefore, students should first pursue their careers and all things shall follow.( Wooldridge,124). Buy custom Working Does Effect College Students essay

Imbue

Imbue Imbue Imbue By Maeve Maddox The old word imbue seems to be taking on new meanings. First let’s look at the only definitions currently given in the OED: imbue (transitive verb) 1. To saturate, wet thoroughly (with moisture); to dye, tinge, impregnate (with color or some physical quality).   2. To impregnate, permeate, pervade, or inspire (with opinions, feelings, habits, etc.). Merriam-Webster concurs: imbue (transitive verb) 1.   to tinge or dye deeply 2. to cause to become penetrated: impregnate, permeate Here are some examples of traditional usage: [Robert] Schuman’s desire to imbue his musical works with the character of literary texts. [Ian Fleming] implemented a strict schedule for his writing [and] meticulously researched facts to imbue his works with realism. helping out with the family businessimbued her with the entrepreneurial spirit The ruling classes and the intellectual elites in the emerging Haitian state remain imbued with French culture.   [When Pickwick is jailed] the lighthearted atmosphere of the novel changes, and the reader is given intimations of the gloom and sympathy with which Dickens was to imbue his later works. The audience got a taste of how  literature imbues  the world with infinite possibilities. Notice that in each example, the verb imbue is used with the preposition with: imbue his musical works with character of literary texts imbue his works with realism imbued her with the entrepreneurial spirit remain imbued with French culture with which to imbue his later works imbues the world with infinite possibilities Because imbue tends to be a literary word, I was surprised to see it used with the preposition to in this sentence on a literary site: Certain writers in the modern day and age use archaic terms such as thy, thee, and wherefore to imbue a Shakespearean mood to their work. I’ve also encountered nonstandard usage of imbue in other contexts: this post is me, taking my own advicein an effort to reveal qualities which I endeavor to imbue in future illustrations. Sadly, many people only know indoor plants for their decorative value and are largely unaware of the many benefits they imbue to those who share their spaces. The first writer seems to be using imbue in the sense of instill; the second, with the sense of impart. A piece of fabric may be imbued with dye. A child may be imbued with feelings, beliefs, and habits of mind. The image is that of a liquid being poured over something that soaks it up. So why are some speakers beginning â€Å"imbue things to†? One possibility could be the new use of imbue as gaming jargon:   Ã‚  How to make an imbue Weapon Imbues and WoD Switching the imbue on your offhand weapon In this context, the noun â€Å"imbue† refers to something added to a weapon to permeate it with certain powers. In gaming-speak, it is possible to imbue powers to an item. Those who imbue items are known as Artificers. Select the enchantment [you] wish to imbue to the item. Imbue is also enjoying popularity as a brand name for various products and enterprises. Imbue Bittersweet Vermouth Imbue Pain Relief Patch Imbue Design Imbue Winterguard Imbue Apparel Imbue Youth Movement Bottom Line: Apart from its use as jargon, imbue is a transitive verb. The preposition used with it is with. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and ExpressionsHang, Hung, HangedProverb vs. Adage

Critically analyze the arguments against corporate power in Joel Essay

Critically analyze the arguments against corporate power in Joel Bakans book (The Corporation) - Essay Example akan’s famous book â€Å"The Corporation† vividly visualizes these negative demeanors of the corporations and suggests the ways and means to have tighter control over them, mainly to make them to engage in more corporate social responsibility activities. This research essay reviews the above book and details the Bakan’s important critiques and suggestions to make the corporations around the world to be law-abiding citizens. Joel Bakan’s book â€Å" the Corporation â€Å" is a book about the corporate form of business , it salient features as of today , the manner it functions and the impact it has on people and also deals with the so-called corporate social responsibility, and it brings to the front core about various corporate frauds and malpractices together its insulting demeanor. Joel Bakan argues that corporations are facilitated by law to work for their interests than that for others, thereby exploiting others without least respect for moral turpitude or legal frameworks. The so-called doctrine Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the majority of the cases functions to camouflage its true identity or color thereby discarding public interest and enriching self-interest. Bakan is of the opinion that corporations which function as institution , which have the self-drafted mandate to work for its own self-interest and hence , these corporations are nothing but pathological organization, and they are now regarded as the most dangerous organization toothed with extraordinary powers through laws. In Chapter 1, Bakan is of the view that recent corporate scandals like Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, Satyam, etc. is not a new phenomenon, but it existed from the inception of corporate form of business. People now started to concern about the mammoth size of multinational companies, and the authority that these companies veil on the gullible public which has made a concomitant demand of introducing harsher regulations to control and manage these corporations. Bakan

Corporate strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate strategy - Assignment Example The constant need to venture into new markets and the pressure to judiciously utilize resources drives businesses to shape their corporate strategies and business objectives accordingly. The marketplace drives corporate decision making with regard to mergers, acquisitions, spinoffs, reorganizations and closures. There could be a number of different factors that prompt businesses to enter into new markets and locations, expand operations and enter into new business relationships. These factors include fast paced changes in tools and technologies, shift in consumer behavior or encountering uncontrollable factors, such as natural calamities and wars. In this era of globalization, mergers and acquisitions is one of the widely used modes of business growth and expansion for several companies. A significant reason for this is that the similarity in competencies among companies competing in the same marketplace promotes the betterment of financial performance, enhance competitive advantage, take advantage of innovative business opportunities and make an entry into newer markets and locations. However, mergers and acquisitions do not assure the organization of growth, development and success. The fact remains that a merger or acquisition can yield positive results for the acquiring company only if it is able to successfully manage the acquired business and transform it to ensure that it is line with the long-term organizational objectives (Haspeslagh and Jemison, 1991). A key element in the merger/acquisition process is the selection of the correct business that will be acquired. This process of selection is critical to the success of the acquisition, and requires deliberation, discussion and effective decision making. The main reason why organizations enter into new partnerships is to take maximum advantage of opportunities, such as entry into new markets and geographical locations, better access to cutting

Gender Issues In Education, Sports And Employment Essay Example for Free

Gender Issues In Education, Sports And Employment Essay Gender is the cultural construct attached to the fact of biological sex. The construct of gender has come to carry significant meaning with regard to the valuing of people or behaviors according to gender qualifications. There is much evidence that suggest that gendered inequality is the product of female oppression in a world dominated by global male hegemony within and across institutions including family, school, politics, and the labor market. Gender inequality is generally manifested in unequal rights for women of access to basic social services such as education; unequal rights for equal work in the employment sector, and unequal opportunities in sports. This paper is a brief discussion of the specific problems commonly identified within the issue of gender inequality in the mentioned areas, along with a number of potential solutions to ease, if not to totally eradicate the said inequities. Gender Issues in Education The literature on women’s and girls’ education frequently focuses o gendered inequalities in educational opportunities, educational attainment, and status of women in social, political and economic arenas both within and across nations. This problem may seem relatively straightforward, but gendered educational inequity is a complex phenomenon. Women’s education is strongly contextualized by the social and cultural environment of the local schools and national educational systems. Schools are the locus for much of the progress that is being made towards a culture of equality, although there is still much more to be done in order for gender equality to be a consistent characteristic of educational systems around the world (Valian, 2004). A solution seen for this is to institutionalize gender equity standards as components of school policy and structure, which will make it more likely that gendered inequalities will be both observed and identified as inequity. In this way, a heightened sense of awareness in gendered educational inequality could work on behalf of women. Gender Issues in Sports Gender differentiation has also been powerfully constructed through sports and the culture of sports. Moreover, Scraton and Flintoff (2002) asserted that organized sport has been a powerful cultural arena for reinforcing the ideology and actuality of male superiority and dominance; its traditions, symbols, and values have tended to preserve patriarchy and women’s subordinate position in society. Sport was an activity that serves two purposes for men: it meets their recreational needs, and it is a perfect antidote for their anxieties about effeminacy. Sport thus became a popular means for men to reaffirm their masculinity, and hence, a powerful tool for maintaining patriarchal gender relations. These social conditions made being both a woman and an athlete an anomaly in life. Female athletes did not suit society’s ideal of femininity, and those who persisted in sport suffers various aversive sanctions, especially derogation and public ridicule. A solution seen about this issue is for sports organizations to be prepared to analyze critically the ways they operate, the ways they make policy, and the ways in which national and international policy processes influence or are influenced by these sites of power. Gender Issues in Employment Gender inequality in employment begins with the gender labeling of workers. Gender categorization in workplace primes workers and employers alike to infuse stereotypic assumptions about gender into the institutional scripts by which a job is enacted and represented to others (Blakemore and Griggs, 2007). Employers often begin the process by implicitly or explicitly seeking workers of a particular gender on the basis of assumptions about labor costs that are themselves suffused by the effect of gender status beliefs. On the occasions that they hire a woman for a certain position, the pay is lower compared to a man employed in the exact same position. As a further result, women are inclined to be concentrated in casual occupations, where salary and work environment are poorer than in formal and public positions. The understanding of how to work towards gender equality is that people need to change inequitable social systems and institutions. Generally, institutional change is the requirement for addressing the root causes of gender inequality. It means changing organizations which, in their programs, policies, structures, and ways of working, discriminate against women. Organizations should work on legal and policy change, or change material conditions. In order to bring about gender equality in employment, change must occur at the personal level and at the social level. It must occur in formal and informal relations. References Scraton, S. Flintoff, A. (2002). Gender and Sport: A Reader. New York: Routledge. Blakemore, K. Griggs, E. (2007). Social Policy: An Introduction. New York: Open University Press. Valian, V. (2004). Beyond Gender Schemas: Improving the Advancement of Women in Academia. NWSA Journal, 16 (1): 207-220.

assymetric paternalism :: essays research papers

Regulation for Conservatives: Behavioral Economics and the Case for â€Å"Asymmetric Paternalism†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin to understand this article we must first define what the authors mean by asymmetric paternalism. According to the Oxford Dictionary, asymmetric is without symmetry or not divided equally. The definition of paternalism states that it is behaving in a paternal way or limiting freedom and responsibility by well-meant regulations. The authors state that the paternal regulations discussed are those developed on an individual basis. The regulations are designed so that those that are uneducated in a particular area are greatly benefited by the regulations, and those whom are already educated, or fully rational, are not affected by the regulation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To explain asymmetric paternalism, the authors divide people into two groups, those who are fully rational, people with goals, preferences and make decision based on those that suit their own best interest, and those who are boundedly rational. The boundedly rational individuals are those who fail to act in their own best interests and fail to use self-control when making choices. The purpose of the article is to help evaluate regulations which are paternalistic and have the regulations designed so that the set limits and boundaries are the boundedly rational, to help them make choices in their best interest and not make mistakes, at the same time not affecting the rational individuals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The authors focus on four types of policies that demonstrate examples of paternalism, default rules, provision or reframing of information, cooling off period, and the limiting of consumer choices. With defaults, the authors discuss status quo bias. This is the idea that individuals will stick with the status quo, or the existing rather than change even if the cost to change is low. The reasons for this are stated as loss aversion, omission/commission bias, and procrastination. The authors state that the status quo bias effects mostly the boundedly rational because for the fully rational the choice of defaults requires very little effort. Examples of the choices of defaults are more fully explained in the examples of insurance rights, and retirement savings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second example of paternalism is framing and information disclosure. This policy requires businesses to provide â€Å"seemingly irrelevant additional information.† Since the rational individuals have no need for the additional information, they can simply ignore it. At the same time the boundedly rational individual can benefit greatly from the information. In order to illustrate this concept, the authors give an example of the lottery.

To Walk A Mile In Her Shoes

He fears in telling them the truth he is going to disrupt their bliss and unawareness of the harsh reality. By doing this, he is pulling a mask over their eyes and turning a blind eye to the truth. This theme of keeping these women away from unpleasant things is almost hand in hand with the idea from the poem, The Barred Owl, where a child is told the owl's cry is â€Å"Who cooks for you? ‘ when in reality the prey is eaten raw. In this way of shielding reality from an innocent child, they are being robbed Of what they need to know.The truth must be told no matter how harsh as to not sugar-coat what reality is, if these women were on their own they would know how brutal notations were, and that might help them form and opinion opposing what is happening. In a common theme, I believe that's why people, women and children in particular, are not told the truth about brutal situations, so they cannot form a counter opinion and stand out as their own person. I believe this is why t he women are so sheltered in this novel, so to not see what is true, so they cannot protest the decisions and actions of a man. Role colonization seems to happen even before a child is born.We are putting boys in blue clothing and the girls in pink while in the womb. After that, parents tend to give boys trucks and play guns to make them aggressive and less sensitive and girl's dolls and play houses to promote loving and taking care of a family. Children naturally accept this and will pick their given toys even if the other option is available because they have been labeled as their gender role and they are not even aware. Later on in life this theme still happens, men are taking all the law enforcement, military, and political jobs while women outnumber the men in care related jobs like healthcare and hill care.These gender roles established offer little leeway for men to portray feminine qualities and vice versa, but as businesses expand the need for both qualities is in demand. O n the other hand, if a man is too feminine or a woman is too masculine, they become something outside of the social norm which only creates scrutiny for them. Across the board gays, lesbians, and transgender are all groups that have disrupted the normal gender roles in society by violating the allowance of femininity or masculinity.When a man comes too feminine he has violated the gender role he is suppose to fit in, an aggressive, strong, and solitary thinker, but a man that lacks these traits is considered weak and less of a man. Also, when a woman starts losing her feminine qualities she may be referred to as a â€Å"dike† or lesbian or any Of those names, simply because she no longer fits into her gender role of being soft, loving, or someone who takes care of everyone. Similarly in Things Fall Apart women are abused and powerless in a society ruled by men. Abuse seems to be a common factor within the tribe.For example, when Kimono's wife Gouge leaves the hut before cooki ng dinner, he beats her for neglecting to cook. Beating comes off as a â€Å"many' thing to do to exert power over the weak, which is how women in this society were perceived, weak assets of a man or his â€Å"property' Also, the women are absolutely powerless, Awoken becomes bored and makes up a reason to beat his second wife. These women are treated like property and stripped of their human qualities and only meant to cook, clean, and reproduce, which is very basic role and creates no sort of relationship other than an owner and tool relationship.Unfortunately, things like this still happen in today's society, where women are beaten by men, men trying to show dominance and power. In reality if women and woman-like traits were not around, this world would be a very corrupt and violent place. Being loving kind, and nurturing are all viewed as feminine traits and a man in these novels wouldn't dare show any sort Of weakness by resembling a woman. In order for all aspects of daily l ife o run in a smooth manner and for families to be happy, one must show kindness and love and even compassion and understanding.These â€Å"girl)/' traits are what keep peace and respect without having to beat it into someone, it allows for someone to feel love or respect without feeling like if they don't they will be punished. As a society dealing with other societies in other parts of the world we cannot expect to show dominance over them and be aggressive or harsh and still get what we want, we have to know how to see both sides of an opinion and know what the other person wants and not imply rule with an iron fist, because if you don't respect people you rule, how will you maintain power by just ruling out of fear?

Hamlet and Revenge

In what ways, and how effectively do you think Shakespeare presents the theme of revenge In Hamlet â€Å"Revenge is sweet but you got to stay alive to taste it† composed by David and Leigh Deeding is a beautiful way revenge can be illustrated. By definition, revenge is a legitimate response to political, family, personal or legal transgression. This act of supposed justice is epically epitomized in â€Å"William Shakespearean Hamlet†, arguably the greatest drama of all time.Being a revenge tragedy, William Shakespeare draws on interiorly, external and internal conflict as well as moral justification to illustrate a Isaac of Images and In doing so, demonstrates the dichotomy of whether or not revenge is as simple as it seems to be. The concept of a revenge tragedy is evoked when we are in the presence of a character who is ready to lay down his life, If need be, to secure one thing – his sense of personal dignity. This Is seen by Hamlet as he, with great passion à ¢â‚¬â€œ schemes to kill Claudia.This scheme arises due to the murder of his father, who was poisoned by Claudia whilst he was asleep, and to claim the throne via marriage to Gertrude. In his scheme to kill Claudia, Hamlet wishes to avenge his father under direction of the host of King Hamlet and supposedly bring peace to himself. Shakespeare uses ghosts as an external influence on Hamlet to initiate the revenge. The ghost seen in act one is can be seen as a catalyst in speeding up revenge process. Hamlet, after his father's death is full of melancholy and wishes to suicide however refrains from doing so only because it is a sin.In Hamlet's first soliloquy we see no drive for him to take revenge but rather a clutter of ‘explicitly salty thoughts which are disorganized. He, in all fury curses the current state of politics and family Hyannis as an â€Å"Incestuous† and manipulative man rules the state, and his mother In all â€Å"frailty' naively agrees to marry him. This soliloquy is full of thought rather than action however the ghost gives Hamlet a motive and application for his emotions. Interestingly, Hamlet requires tangible Justification to continue his plot on Claudia.With instruction from the ghost – a supernatural being in which the Elizabethan time saw as a reason alone to take action in pursuit for revenge, Hamlet struggles to comes to terms with its justification. Suspicion beforehand of Claudia being the elliptic, furthered with the ghost's confirmation, Hamlet still puts upon an antic disposition to seek confirmation. This Is due to his moral Justification as he becomes skeptical in his approach. The only thing Hamlet wishes to secure in taking his revenge against Claudia is his own sense of personal dignity and in doing so over complicates a supposed simple task of revenge.This is the substance that makes Hamlet a tragic hero. Because he contemplates and lays poise in balancing moral righteousness, his tragic flaw is exposed. Shakespeare presents us with more than just a revenge but a three dimensional character due to the fact he has interiorly. I OFF I Nils Inward-alertness marks a recall Dread Walt n ten solute, unquestioning faith in God that Shakespearean generation inherited from the middle ages. This harmonize act in which Hamlet has found himself in is of standing on the brink of a religious past and a secular future.In his seek for moral Justification, Hamlet puts on a play that imitates the murder of King Hamlet and the â€Å"wicked speed† of the remarriage of the widow – the Queen. To Hamlet's superficial Joy, Claudia reacts for wishing â€Å"some light†. This proves to Hamlet that Claudia is the culprit of â€Å"the primal eldest curse upon†. Revenge in the play works on a multi-dimensional platform as there are many reasons why Hamlet could have sought revenge. Primarily under the direction of King Hamlet's ghost for personal revenge, many undercurrents of subcons cious conflicts seethe to the surface of the conscious of Hamlet.Different ages have seen Hamlet's motives in different lights. Freudian analysis of Hamlet sees him in love with his mother and sees Claudia as the threat. This undercurrent can be seen in act 3 here he says â€Å"l will speak daggers to her, but use none† as if he would if he would have if the ghost told him not to. To further this argument, Hamlet's first soliloquy, more than half of it is devoted to his mother as â€Å"she married at O most wicked speed†, â€Å"but break, my heart, for I must hold my tongue†.This train of argument can be continued – as in act 3 scene 4 sees the violent confrontation between Hamlet and Gertrude – his mother. In this scene Hamlet acts strictly out of spontaneity. His rage is far from ‘sugar coated' as he outpour the grief burdening his heart in most shocking and vile fashion. His outburst of now exteriors interiorly is heavily centered on the à ¢â‚¬Å"incestuous pleasures† of his mother and uncle. This follows close suit to the Oedipus complex – a Freudian view of psychology that all toddlers are in love or lust with the opposite parent sex.Freud himself saw Claudia â€Å"the man who shows [Hamlet] the repressed wishes of his own childhood realized†. This means to say that the marriage of Claudia and Gertrude revoked the passions of his youthful subconscious and because he cannot define them or know what they are, he sees the need to take revenge on Claudia upon a practical yet tangible enough motive. His anger and wish for revenge it seems, is directed more towards his mother rather than Claudia.His accusations upon Gertrude follow a methodical and calculated attack in of which he compares King Hamlet to Claudia upon a spectrum of heaven and hell. He depicts his father as the â€Å"Hyperfine† compared to Claudia who Hamlet calls the â€Å"devil†. He even talks about the sexuality of his ow n mother – â€Å"for at your age the heyday in the blood is tame† as he cannot come to comprehend the attraction she has for Claudia at such â€Å"wicked speed†. Comparing his verbal attack on Gertrude to his procrastination with Claudia it is difficult to say what Hamlet seeks revenge for.Because of the dexterity of Hamlet's inner conscious it is difficult to say whether or not Hamlet himself wishes to carry out a revenge in the first place. Having the perfect opportunity for when Claudia is praying, Hamlet dismisses it for he sees â€Å"revenge†. This can be seen as an excuse as the killing would have been straight forward and efficient. Instead Hamlet superficially goes on to say that he wants to see Claudia suffer whilst he takes his revenge, â€Å"when he is drunk asleep, or in rage/ Or n authenticates pleasure of his bed†.After his antic disposition, Hamlet is seen to become exactly what he was playing – mad. Due to the consistent mani festation of existentialism within him, Hamlet becomes erratic compared to his previous finesse and idea of perfectionism. His lack of thought and scheming leads hamlet to spontaneous acts of raw emotion. If Hamlet plays the fool for strategic purposes; there are subtleties of genuine mental distress. In the last scene, Hamlet explodes into a cameo in of which he is very wise and violent at the same time.Because of the mass murder in this scene it seems that Hamlet is taking revenge against the misfortunes that destiny has drawn him and also against society itself. From the superficial simple revenge against Claudia, others become involved such as Aphelia and Polonium. With revenge playing a central theme in Hamlet, it is no wonder why William Shakespeare manifests so many twists and turns for the motives of it. Playing with our perception and ideologies, William Shakespeare – through Hamlet will continue to fascinate us with its different psychoanalysis'. Hamlet and Revenge In what ways, and how effectively do you think Shakespeare presents the theme of revenge In Hamlet â€Å"Revenge is sweet but you got to stay alive to taste it† composed by David and Leigh Deeding is a beautiful way revenge can be illustrated. By definition, revenge is a legitimate response to political, family, personal or legal transgression. This act of supposed justice is epically epitomized in â€Å"William Shakespearean Hamlet†, arguably the greatest drama of all time.Being a revenge tragedy, William Shakespeare draws on interiorly, external and internal conflict as well as moral justification to illustrate a Isaac of Images and In doing so, demonstrates the dichotomy of whether or not revenge is as simple as it seems to be. The concept of a revenge tragedy is evoked when we are in the presence of a character who is ready to lay down his life, If need be, to secure one thing – his sense of personal dignity. This Is seen by Hamlet as he, with great passion à ¢â‚¬â€œ schemes to kill Claudia.This scheme arises due to the murder of his father, who was poisoned by Claudia whilst he was asleep, and to claim the throne via marriage to Gertrude. In his scheme to kill Claudia, Hamlet wishes to avenge his father under direction of the host of King Hamlet and supposedly bring peace to himself. Shakespeare uses ghosts as an external influence on Hamlet to initiate the revenge. The ghost seen in act one is can be seen as a catalyst in speeding up revenge process. Hamlet, after his father's death is full of melancholy and wishes to suicide however refrains from doing so only because it is a sin.In Hamlet's first soliloquy we see no drive for him to take revenge but rather a clutter of ‘explicitly salty thoughts which are disorganized. He, in all fury curses the current state of politics and family Hyannis as an â€Å"Incestuous† and manipulative man rules the state, and his mother In all â€Å"frailty' naively agrees to marry him. This soliloquy is full of thought rather than action however the ghost gives Hamlet a motive and application for his emotions. Interestingly, Hamlet requires tangible Justification to continue his plot on Claudia.With instruction from the ghost – a supernatural being in which the Elizabethan time saw as a reason alone to take action in pursuit for revenge, Hamlet struggles to comes to terms with its justification. Suspicion beforehand of Claudia being the elliptic, furthered with the ghost's confirmation, Hamlet still puts upon an antic disposition to seek confirmation. This Is due to his moral Justification as he becomes skeptical in his approach. The only thing Hamlet wishes to secure in taking his revenge against Claudia is his own sense of personal dignity and in doing so over complicates a supposed simple task of revenge.This is the substance that makes Hamlet a tragic hero. Because he contemplates and lays poise in balancing moral righteousness, his tragic flaw is exposed. Shakespeare presents us with more than just a revenge but a three dimensional character due to the fact he has interiorly. I OFF I Nils Inward-alertness marks a recall Dread Walt n ten solute, unquestioning faith in God that Shakespearean generation inherited from the middle ages. This harmonize act in which Hamlet has found himself in is of standing on the brink of a religious past and a secular future.In his seek for moral Justification, Hamlet puts on a play that imitates the murder of King Hamlet and the â€Å"wicked speed† of the remarriage of the widow – the Queen. To Hamlet's superficial Joy, Claudia reacts for wishing â€Å"some light†. This proves to Hamlet that Claudia is the culprit of â€Å"the primal eldest curse upon†. Revenge in the play works on a multi-dimensional platform as there are many reasons why Hamlet could have sought revenge. Primarily under the direction of King Hamlet's ghost for personal revenge, many undercurrents of subcons cious conflicts seethe to the surface of the conscious of Hamlet.Different ages have seen Hamlet's motives in different lights. Freudian analysis of Hamlet sees him in love with his mother and sees Claudia as the threat. This undercurrent can be seen in act 3 here he says â€Å"l will speak daggers to her, but use none† as if he would if he would have if the ghost told him not to. To further this argument, Hamlet's first soliloquy, more than half of it is devoted to his mother as â€Å"she married at O most wicked speed†, â€Å"but break, my heart, for I must hold my tongue†.This train of argument can be continued – as in act 3 scene 4 sees the violent confrontation between Hamlet and Gertrude – his mother. In this scene Hamlet acts strictly out of spontaneity. His rage is far from ‘sugar coated' as he outpour the grief burdening his heart in most shocking and vile fashion. His outburst of now exteriors interiorly is heavily centered on the à ¢â‚¬Å"incestuous pleasures† of his mother and uncle. This follows close suit to the Oedipus complex – a Freudian view of psychology that all toddlers are in love or lust with the opposite parent sex.Freud himself saw Claudia â€Å"the man who shows [Hamlet] the repressed wishes of his own childhood realized†. This means to say that the marriage of Claudia and Gertrude revoked the passions of his youthful subconscious and because he cannot define them or know what they are, he sees the need to take revenge on Claudia upon a practical yet tangible enough motive. His anger and wish for revenge it seems, is directed more towards his mother rather than Claudia.His accusations upon Gertrude follow a methodical and calculated attack in of which he compares King Hamlet to Claudia upon a spectrum of heaven and hell. He depicts his father as the â€Å"Hyperfine† compared to Claudia who Hamlet calls the â€Å"devil†. He even talks about the sexuality of his ow n mother – â€Å"for at your age the heyday in the blood is tame† as he cannot come to comprehend the attraction she has for Claudia at such â€Å"wicked speed†. Comparing his verbal attack on Gertrude to his procrastination with Claudia it is difficult to say what Hamlet seeks revenge for.Because of the dexterity of Hamlet's inner conscious it is difficult to say whether or not Hamlet himself wishes to carry out a revenge in the first place. Having the perfect opportunity for when Claudia is praying, Hamlet dismisses it for he sees â€Å"revenge†. This can be seen as an excuse as the killing would have been straight forward and efficient. Instead Hamlet superficially goes on to say that he wants to see Claudia suffer whilst he takes his revenge, â€Å"when he is drunk asleep, or in rage/ Or n authenticates pleasure of his bed†.After his antic disposition, Hamlet is seen to become exactly what he was playing – mad. Due to the consistent mani festation of existentialism within him, Hamlet becomes erratic compared to his previous finesse and idea of perfectionism. His lack of thought and scheming leads hamlet to spontaneous acts of raw emotion. If Hamlet plays the fool for strategic purposes; there are subtleties of genuine mental distress. In the last scene, Hamlet explodes into a cameo in of which he is very wise and violent at the same time.Because of the mass murder in this scene it seems that Hamlet is taking revenge against the misfortunes that destiny has drawn him and also against society itself. From the superficial simple revenge against Claudia, others become involved such as Aphelia and Polonium. With revenge playing a central theme in Hamlet, it is no wonder why William Shakespeare manifests so many twists and turns for the motives of it. Playing with our perception and ideologies, William Shakespeare – through Hamlet will continue to fascinate us with its different psychoanalysis'.

Social Policy Dissertation The WritePass Journal

Social Policy Dissertation Overview of Area Social Policy Dissertation Overview of Area Thesis to be Tested Potential ProblemsIndicative Bibliography (this is merely a starting point and will be added to considerably during the thesis itself)Related Overview of Area The New Deal for lone parents has focussed on the notion of making it easier for lone parents to return to work. The underlying aim of the policy has been stated to be making it easier for parents, particularly lone parents, back to work by making the issues relating to childcare easier to overcome. Despite this seemingly strong policy to improve the work prospects of parents, there are concerns that this agenda could have negative repercussions on other welfare areas such as the quality of childcare being provided to young children (DfEE, 1998). Lone parents in particular present a policy challenge as there is a need to ensure that whilst putting parents in a position that they are able to take up employment this should not be done in such a way that forces parents into work when they would be better employed providing childcare at home. Looking at the wider issues associated with the New Deal policy including the impact on childcare and child development enables a detailed policy analysis to be undertaken and recommendations for the future to be made(Zaslow, et al 2002). Thesis to be Tested The current New Deal agenda focuses too heavily on getting as many parents, particularly lone parents, into work. A failure to grasp the wider issues including the impact on the child of being in childcare from a young age and social factors such as the benefits of entering back into the workplace has resulted in the policy being less effective than the original aims would suggest it could be. Reform is needed to look at the wider issues and to ensure that the New Deal does not focus on short term gains with long term costs (Josh and Verropoulu, 2000). Potential Problems Issues relating to lone parents returning to work are often very individual with the policy being effective for one scenario but not for another. Gaining an overall perspective is therefore potentially difficult as one size does not fit all and several approaches may be necessary to answer the thesis question presented above. Indicative Bibliography (this is merely a starting point and will be added to considerably during the thesis itself) Department for Education and Employment (DfEE) (1998) The National Childcare Strategy. London: HMSO. dfee.gov.uk/childcare/content3.htm Dunifon, R., Kalil, A., and Bajracharya, A. (2005), ‘Maternal Working Conditions and Child Well-Being in Welfare-leaving Families’, Developmental Psychology, Vol 41(6), pp.851-59. DWP (2007), In work, better off: next steps to full employment, London: Department for Work and Pensions, The Stationery Office. Josh, H. and Verropoulu, G. (2000) Maternal Employment and Child Outcomes: Analysis of Two Birth Cohort Studies, London: The Smith Institute. Kaestner, R., Korenman, S. D., and O’Neill, J. (2003), ‘Has Welfare Reform Changed Teenage Behaviors?’, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, vol. 22(2), pp.225-248. Millar, J. and Ridge, T. (2008), ‘Relationships of Care: Working Lone Mothers, their Children and Employment Sustainability’, Journal of Social Policy, vol. 33(1), pp.103-121. Zaslow, M., Moore K., Brooks J., Morris P., Tout K., Redd Z., and Emig C. (2002), ‘Experimental studies of welfare reform and children’, Children and Welfare Reform, vol. 12 (1), pp.79-98.

Nomination Process for Supreme Court Justices

Nomination Process for Supreme Court Justices The nomination process for Supreme Court justices begins with the departure of a sitting member of the high court, whether by retirement or death. It is then up to the president of the United States to nominate a replacement to the court, and the U.S. Senate to vet and confirm his choice.  The nomination process for Supreme Court justices is among the most important obligations on presidents and members of the Senate, in part because members of the court are appointed for life. They dont get second chances to make the right choice.   The U.S. Constitution gives the president and the Senate this vital role. Article II, Section 2, clause 2 states that the President â€Å"shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint ... Judges of the supreme Court.† Not all Presidents have the opportunity to name someone to the court. There are nine Justices, including the chief justice, and one is replaced only when he or she retires or dies. Forty-two presidents have made nominations to the Supreme Court. The president with the most nominations was George Washington, who had 13, with 10 of those being confirmed. The President’s Selection As the president considers who to nominate, investigations of possible nominees begin. The investigations include a probe into a person’s private background by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, as well as an examination of the person’s public record and writings. The list of possible nominees is narrowed, with the goal being to ensure that a nominee has nothing in his or her background that would prove embarrassing and to guarantee that the president selects someone likely to be confirmed. The president and his staff also study which nominees agree with the president’s own political views and which ones would make the president’s supporters happy. Often a president confers with Senate leaders and members of the Senate Judiciary Committee before selecting a nominee. This way the president receives a heads-up on any potential problems a nominee may face during confirmation. The names of possible nominees may be leaked to the press to gauge the support and opposition to different possible nominees. At some point, the president announces the selection, often with great fanfare and the nominee present. The nomination then is sent to the Senate. The Senate Judiciary Committee Since the end of the Civil War almost every Supreme Court nomination received by the Senate has been referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee. The committee does its own investigation. A nominee is asked to fill out a questionnaire that includes questions about his or her background and to fill out financial disclosure documents. The nominee also will make courtesy calls to various senators, including party leaders and members of the Judiciary Committee. At the same time, the American Bar Association’s Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary begins evaluating the nominee based on his or her professional qualifications. Ultimately, the committee votes on whether a nominee is â€Å"well-qualified,† â€Å"qualified,† or â€Å"not qualified.† The Judiciary Committee then holds hearings during which the nominee and supporters and opponents testify. Since 1946 almost all hearings have been public, with most lasting more than four days. The president’s administration often trains a nominee before these hearings to ensure that the nominee does not embarrass himself or herself. Judiciary Committee members may ask nominees about their political views and backgrounds. Since these hearings receive a great deal of publicity, senators may attempt to score their own political points during the hearings Following the hearings, the Judiciary Committee meets and votes on a recommendation to the Senate. The nominee may receive a favorable recommendation, a negative recommendation or the nomination may be reported to the entire Senate with no recommendation. The Senate The Senate majority party controls the Senate agenda, so it is up to the majority leader to determine when a nomination is brought to the floor. There is no time limit on debate, so if a senator wants to conduct a filibuster to hold up a nomination indefinitely, he or she may do so. At some point, the minority leader and majority leader may reach a time agreement on how long a debate will last. If not, the nominee’s supporters in the Senate may attempt to end debate on the nomination. That vote requires 60 Senators to agree to end debate. Often there is no filibuster of a Supreme Court nomination. In those cases, a debate is held on the nomination and then a vote is taken by the Senate. A majority of voting senators must approve the presidents choice for the nominee to be confirmed. Once confirmed, a nominee is sworn into the position of justice of the Supreme Court. A justice actually takes two oaths: the constitutional oath that is taken by members of Congress and other federal officials, and a judicial oath. Key Takeaways: How a U.S. Supreme Court Justice is Nominated Step 1: A sitting justice retires or dies, leaving a vacancy on the bench.Step 2: The president nominates a candidate to replace the departing justice.Step 3: The nominee is vetted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.Step 4: The Senate Judiciary Committee conducts its own investigation and hearings with the nominee. It will then take a vote on whether to send the nomination to the full Senate for confirmation. If the committee does not approve of the nominee, the candidate is dropped from consideration.Step 5: If the Senate Judiciary Committee approves, the full Senate votes on the nomination. If a majority of the 100-member Senate approves, the nominee ascends to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Quentin Tarantino Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quentin Tarantino - Essay Example His critically-acclaimed films have contributed much to the enrichment of the movie industry and to the American pop culture in general. In this paper, readers would be able to know more about this brilliant artist. Considered as a stylish auteur, Tarantino gained popularity in the 1990s with the release of Reservoir Dogs that premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in 1992. With this Tarantino, who was then unheard of, became a small-time sensation specifically to the cult film industry in the United States and United Kingdom ("Quentin Tarantino - The Film Maker," 2004). At that time, Tarantino presented a fresh outlook on film with his bold use of non-linear storylines, unforgettable dialogue and gory violence that brought new life to traditional American film archetypes ("Wikipedia," 2005). Inspired by the success of his first film, Tarantino made other movies and with Pulp Fiction he has left a permanent mark in the film industry. This movie won the Best Original Screenplay at the Academy Awards and the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival in 1994. Given the myriad honors bestowed upon his films by prominent award-giving bodies, Tarantino became the center of attention in the film circle ("Quentin Tarantino - The Film Maker," 2004). ... What creative elements does he employ in his film-making When asked about his core strength as a film-maker, Tarantino asserted that his expertise lies in his manner of story-telling. He attributed this strength from his intuitive understanding of what the audience desire (Suellentrop, 2003). Truly, the way he creatively makes the story unfold sets his films apart. His movies are renowned for their insightful dialogue, splintered chronology and pop culture obsessions ("Wikipedia," 2005). Apart from this, Tarantino also incorporated violence extensively in his films as one of the creative elements he employs. This element is clearly evident in his key films such as Reservoir Dogs, Pulp Fiction, and Kill Bill, where there are profuse blood spattered and flowing in various scenes ("Wikipedia," 2005). It should be highlighted though that what actually affects the audience is not directly the violence but rather the casualness by which the major characters go about the violent scenes. At times, this effect is achieved by applying morbid humor to such tension-filled and gritty scenes. In this regard, Tarantino is described as a master storyteller who has a weird and artistic manner of creating completely unnaturalistic dialogue in a way that appears casual and improvised ("Quentin Tarantino - The Film Maker," 2004). He often uses unconventional storytelling devices in his films, namely retrospective (Reservoir of Dogs), non-linear (Pulp Fiction) and chapter format (Kill Bill and Four Rooms). ("Wikipedia," 2005) In terms of cinematography, Tarantino popularized the trunk shot, which he employed in most of his movies. As such, this became his signature camera angle albeit this is not his original

Practicum Experience Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Practicum Experience Journal - Essay Example This was attributed to the fact that at times the nurses had little time to do the documentation, thus compiling the information inappropriately leading to loss of vital information. This problem led to redoing of a lot of documentation at later stages by the nurses. For instance, failure to record full information immediately after a home visit led to inaccurate information since errors arose later when trying to figure out what was done during the home visit. This observed phenomenon is apparently one of the causes of the nursing shortage experienced over the recent past. Most of the nurses perceive this process of documentation as either redundant or potentially unnecessary (Lippincott et al., 2003). However, on the contrary this process is one of the most critical ones in administering effective care to patients. This is because it enables different nurses to keep track of a patient’s development even in the absence of others thus enabling proper cares by different nurses. Therefore, whether the documentation is manual or electronically, it should be done with utmost care so as to enhance accuracy in the information of patients hence efficiency of their

Steve Jobs Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Steve Jobs - Term Paper Example This paper would unfold the secret of his business success on the grounds of leadership tactics, management strategies, and business outlook. Steven Paul (Steve Jobs) was born in February 24, 1955 in San Francisco. After his schooling he started working with his friend Steve Wozniak. It was in 1976 Jobs co-founded Apple which soon became the leading firm in the computer technology world. In addition to Apple, he also co-founded Pixar Animation Studios which was later in 2006 merged with Walt Disney Company. Jobs still continues to be a member of Disney’s Board of Directors. Although Jobs had resigned from Apple due to some managerial problems with the board of directors, later in 1997 he rejoined the Apple Computer Inc, as its CEO. His contribution to the business world brought him admiration and awards like National Technology Medal (1985), Jefferson Award for Public Service (1987), and Entrepreneur of the Decade by Inc.magazine (1989) (all about Steve Jobs). Jobs’ major achievements include the products like ‘Apple II’ and ‘Macintosh’-the personal computer models of high commercial value. Other innovations like iPod, iMac, iPhone and App Store also caught the attention of the business world (www.apple.com). Steve Jobs initiated computer revolution and introduced special effects in entertainment industries. For instance, the new product ‘icon’ was highly cherished for its special features like mavericks, oddballs, and iconoclasts. The iPhone combines video iPod, camera, e-mail and text messenger, Web browser, alarm clock, and daily organizer. The aesthetic appeal of the product was of his high concern because he believed that beauty is an important factor that motivates consumers to buy a particular product. What made him a successful business entrepreneur is his outstanding vision and tactical leadership. If critics are to relied, his aggressive and demanding nature was a barrier to employee relation. However, Jobs’ innovative and

Patient Billing Software System Information Technology Essay

Patient Billing Software System Information Technology Essay In todays world, the population in various countries is increasing speedily every year, the Medical Billing System has grown-up in importance. The reason for this is that there are far more individuals that have need of some variety of health care, regardless of whether it is physical or mental. In order to receive these services patients need to pay for the services rendered by the hospital. This task requires a billing system that can generate bills of services to patients. Medical professionals are facing problems regarding the billing issue. My project for BSc Computing is to develop a web based patient billing software that is of importance to a hospital. . PHP was selected as the language for implementation and PL/SQL server as the database. The patient information will be stored in the database. Any new patient information can be stored in the database via a patient information input screen. The screen will take as input all the details of the patient, the amount to be paid, etc. The system is designed with the intension of allowing for scalability, portability, and re-use. The design of the system is such that it would permit future integration with other systems like online insurance billing for a patient that has a medical insurance, or even a completely different application. This system is also expected to provide a maximum level of security and reliability. Aim This project is aimed at developing a patient billing software system that is of importance to a hospital. The patient billing system is a local software system. This system can be used to maintain the location and the bed number of each patient either in the ward or the Intensive Care Units (ICU). Information about the patient and the charges to be paid is also stored. OBJECTIVE Research objective To study the feasibility of implementing a practical billing system for a hospital mainly focusing on scalability issues. As the hospital is speedily getting bigger the system should be able support any future expansions such as dealing with patients with health insurance. To conduct series of interviews in order to understand the organisational structure and the existing infrastructure service in the hospital and its problems and develop an alternative scenario for the system. To understanding the advantages and disadvantages of the current infrastructure service and how does the new system will be a benefits to the hospital? To conduct research about how patients billing systems is used in other hospitals? To examine the necessary tools that will be needed for the implementation of the proposed system and also examine whether the proposed system will be compatible with the existing system within the budget. Eg: What type of programming language can be adopted? What type of database would be best suitable for the system? To conduct an interview with the hospital data entry operator and the account department in order to find out the difficulties they are facing when generating bills to their patients. Practical objective The system is developed using PHP as the front end and SQL Server / Oracle as the back end. The following steps will be helpful to start off the project. Study and be comfortable with technologies such as PHP, SQL server / Oracle, Apache and ODBC Connectivity. Decide on the number of wards and the number of beds in each ward. Make a database of all tables and fill some sample data in the tables which can prove helpful for running / testing of the project. Assign a hospital data entry operator who will enter all the patient details, make updating to the table entries via front-end screens as and when a patient is being admitted to the hospital, transferred from a general ward to the ICU and vice versa and discharged from the hospital. Since the real-time project needs to be tested in real-time, you can take hours as days for testing the system. However, the display will still be in days only. Create the front-page of the PBS system giving a brief description about the system and a login box Create the help-pages of the system in the form of QA. This will help you also when implementing the system. Create other sub-systems like screens for various functions (new patient entry, viewing existing patient details, transfer of a patient between ward and ICU, etc). Research about client side and server side programming languages HTML, XHTML, ASP.NET, JSP, PHP, ASP Research about web based data base applications like Oracle,Mysql Research about Unified Modelling Language, Activity diagram, Use case diagram, Class diagram, Sequence diagram, Collaboration diagram Rationale of the project: Outsource medical billing system service provider is doing great help in terms of rendering medical billing services that could be of help to the doctors in order to concentrate more on their patients. The idea of medical billing outsourcing initiated from the need to hire experts in order to perform a minor task related to the medical profession. However, the most concerned issues of hiring a third party to manage the medical billing services are because secrete information about the company can be leaked out by outsourcing employees, even to their competitor and also they do not provide good quality services as most of their staff have limited medical background and all these issues can cause serious damage to the medical practice and finance. However with the introduction of my proposed system, it will result in the overall improvement of the medical billing processes. Significance: The proposed project can have great significance on the finance of the hospital and also reduce the work load from the account department. This does not only limit on the users, but will also be of great help to my studies and my career as well, as it would give me exposure needed in order to develop my skill on PL/SQL, PHP, HTML and RDBMS. Overview: My proposed web based application is fully focused is being user friendly, simple, but highly accurate at the same time. My program consists of different stages (pages). These can be described as follows. The project will provide a web-based platform where the hospital data entry operator can Login to the system through the first page of the application Enter the ward number for the patient either in the general ward or the ICU. Settle all bills pending to be paid by a patient before the patients discharge. Keep a track of all beds occupied / free in both the ward and the ICU. View information of all patients details, their admit time and the amount to be paid. Update the table fields (patient details, the amount to be paid / any balance remaining, the ward number, the bed number, the registration number, case number, etc.) as soon as a new patient is being admitted into the hospital or being discharged from the hospital. REQUIREMENTS System requirement The system requirements gives more details and explain how the user requirements should be provided by the system and can be used as part of the contract for the implementation of the system and should therefore be a complete and consistent specification of the system.(Sommerville, 2007pg.130) Therefore, Due to the nature of the project, the system is web base application that interacts with the user (hospital data entry operator and the account department) on client side and all the processing will be carried out on the server side. Therefore, both the client and the Server side have to meet the following minimum requirements. Software User is going to open the web page of the company that will contain the actual application form and then they have to fill it to make an application for the services. Internet Explorer or any web browser. Internet Connection. Data Base -MySQL server/Oracle (Optional) Client-side and Server-side scripting technologies PHP, ASP.NET, AJAX, Visual basic 6.0 WAMP. Security SSL, Hardware PC with Hard disk space more than 1 GB free always for database. (Optional) Minimum memory of 1GB (Optional) Back up running. Literature View: New technology creates new opportunities for forward-thinking companies. Higher level of automation, high-speed communications and improved access to information can provide significant benefits to a modern business organisation (Paul Boucij, Andrew Greasley, Simon Hickie 2008). Computer technology has highly transformed peoples lives tremendously. This innovation changes the way of our thinking and the way we perform our day by day activities. Computer-based information systems are now used to carry out all functions and activities of an organisation. Nowadays, improved innovations are being put in place in other to help a modern business organisation to make more efficient and automate business processes. Nevertheless, Medical practices are not left out of this great change. In order to run a medical practice appropriately, medical billing has to be automated. Lets imagine that there is no appropriate medical billing in place. What will happen to the issue of billing in medical pra ctices? Of course, the traditional way of billing will be adopted. Traditional way is doing all the medical billing like sending invoices and generating patients bills manually. This system is good if the medical practice wants to stay small. However, the issue of medical billing is sensitive in hospital management as the hospitals cannot afford losses because of careless billing generated from traditional way of billing. According to Charles Darwin, the prominent scientist of nature, said, It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change (Case, 2006 pg 27) The fact about nature is also true in today medical practice that works in a fast changing environment. The most efficient and successful hospitals run their finances with modern medical billing software. There is an urgent need to have a good way of managing the billing issue in a medical practice and this issue can only be managed with the help of good billing software. A good billing software is expected to make sure that the billing calculation are done efficiently and accurately. In addition, it is expected to be available to the users on internet so that medical practitioners can be able to have full access to their billing system anywhere in the world. Therefore, a web based medical billing is required. A Web application is a software application that is deployed on the web. It allows users to accomplish a task like obtaining information about the outstanding bills of a patient or any of the many activities possible on the web (Susan, Melanie, Solomon, Benjamin, 2003). The user can view, manipulate and control the software application through a Web browser connected to a web server through a network such as World Wide Web. In 1989, CERN (the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Switzerland) proposed the development of the World Wide Web in order to enable high-energy physicists across the world to collaborate through the easy provision and accessibility of information (Graham Curtis and David Cobham, 2002 pg 128). Another important aspect of web application is that there is a real-time update of generated content/data and they can be universally accessed via internet/web by the user. However, The effectiveness of any computerised system is dependent on the soundness of its design and this is particularly true for the database application. The importance of database system cannot be overlooked in medical billing system. For most business organisations, information held in databases can often be more valuable than tangible forms of asset, which are accounted for in monetary terms. To work most effectively for the organisation or company, data stored electronically must be properly managed and protected. (Domanski, peter, Philip, 2000). Thus, a consistence database must be in place in order to avoid inaccurate analyses of stored information, poor cash flow for the hospital and Patient dissatisfaction with the hospital. A web based billing software component comprises the Database Management system and the application program Methodologies: Different methodologies can be used for a project. However the appropriate one can increase the chances of better results. I have chosen to use the Unified Process approach and the reasons are; It concentrates on detailed documentation It minimises back tracking It maintains a full constant control on each stage of development We have a clear idea of all the problems during each stage thereby eliminating chance of bigger problems after coding I will get to learn useful tools do design Used case diagrams Enhancing my knowledge of class diagrams Strategic Issues Strategic issue can be explained as the organisation planning options in addressing crucial business issue, engaging in collaborative decision making. The strategic issue that the school of Technology and Management will benefit from the new system are; For the organisation Reduce the amount of paper usage e.g. assignment submission forms Reduce the amount of storage usage cost Reduce the number of manpower usage cost It will reduce the stress levels of the staff It save time for staffs For Student It eliminate assignment printing costs It reduce the long queues at the college e.g. during registration or at the registry. It saves time as well for the student Manpower requirements The project can be completed within 3 4 months if i work fulltime on it. Milestones and Timelines Number Milestone Name Milestone Description Timeline Week no. from the start of the project Remarks 1 Requirements Specification Complete specification of the system (with appropriate assumptions) including the framing of transfer policy of the patient between the ward / IBU, the payment / balance to be made by the patient etc constitutes this milestone. A document detailing the same should be written and a presentation on that be made. 2-3 Attempt should be made to add some more relevant functionality other than those that are listed in this document. 3 Database creation A database of atleast 25 entries of patients with some patients admitted in wards and the remaining in IBU should be entered. 5-7 It is important to finalize on the database at this stage itself so that development and testing can proceed with the actual database itself. 4 High-level and Detailed Design Listing down all possible scenarios (like new patient, transfer of a patient between general ward and IBU, some balance remaining to be paid at the time of discharge etc) and then coming up with flow-charts or pseudocode to handle the scenario. 7-9 The scenarios should map to the requirement specification (i.e., for each requirement that is specified, a corresponding scenario should be there). 5 Implementation of the front-end of the system Implementation of the main screen giving the login, screen that follows the login giving various options, screens for each of the options (shifting of patients, usage of beds). 10-12 During this milestone period, it would be a good idea for the team (or one person from the team) to start working on a test-plan for the entire system. This test-plan can be updated as and when new scenarios come to mind. 6 Integrating the front-end with the database The front-end developed in the earlier milestone will now be able to update the database when a patient discharges. In short, the system should be ready for integration testing. 12-13 7 Integration Testing The system should be thoroughly tested by running all the testcases written for the system (from milestone 5). 14-15 Another 2 weeks should be there to handle any issues found during testing of the system. After that, the final demo can be arranged. 8 Final Review Issues found during the previous milestone are fixed and the system is ready for the final review. 16-18 During the final review of the project, it should be checked that all the requirements specified during milestone number 1 are fulfilled (or appropriate reasons given for not fulfilling the same) Project: Internet based admission finder http://www.buzzle.com/articles/medical-billing-outsourcing.html