The Arab Baath Movement and The Rise of the Baath Party in Syria Essay

Contrary to popular beliefs, civil activism and civil society has managed to thrive in the Middle einsteinium. complaisant movements on a variety of topics have occurred despite the lack of democracy and democratic institutions in certain countries. One popular movement was the Arab Baath endeavour which eventually led to the formation of the Baath Party. By analyzing the movements history, ideological stance, goals, the actors, dissenters, and international aspect, one can determine how and why the movement flourished in Syria. Syria was allow de jure independence from the French in 1941. However, the country was not truly independent until 1946. For the next twenty-five years, the country would be launched into extreme political instability and political party factionalism. In the beginning, the parties were moderate and pushed for economic and social reforms to match. But, as the 1940s came to an end, these liberal parties lost their authenticity. The rural workers and urban poor were growing unhappy with the current plead of affairs and started advocating for more radical changes in the political and economic realm.During this time period, Baathism, which eventually evolved into the Arab Baath Party in 1947, became very prominent in the Arab world. Started by Michael Aflaq and salaat al-Din al-Bitar, the movement was created in Damascus due to the intense nationalism that was sweeping the country in response to the British and French control of the area. The movement gained legitimacy by using sources that Arabians could identify with history, religion, nationalism, development, freedom, and socialism (Gerner and Schrodt 112).However, Baathism didnt appeal to everyone in Syria. The urban Sunni middle class especially wasnt attracted to Baa... ...ersity of New York Press, 1991. Web.Galvani, John. Syria and the Baath Party. Middle East Research and Information Project 25.Feburary (1974) 3-16. JSTOR. Web. 2 Apr 2012.Gerner, Deborah J., and Philip A. Sch rodt. Middle Eastern Politics. Understanding the Contemporary Middle East. 3rd ed. Boulder, Colo. Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2008. 85 -136. Print.Hinnebusch, Raymond. Syria. The Middle East. Ed. Ellen Lust. 12th ed. Washington (D.C.) CQ, 2011. 675-701. Print.Kamrava, Mehran. The Arab-Israeli Wars. The mod Middle East A Political History since the First World War. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA University of California, 2010. 109-39. Print.Mufti, Malik. The United States and Nasserist Pan-Arabism. The Middle East and the United States A diachronic and Political Reassessment. Ed. David W. Lesch. 3rd ed. Boulder, CO Westview, 2003. 168-87. Print.